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Courier du Bas-Rhin
Courier du Bas-Rhin (or ''Courrier du Bas Rhin'', lit. Courier of Lower Rhine) was one of the leading European papers of the late 18th century and the Enlightenment period.〔Hanna Barker, Simon Burrows, ''Press, Politics and the Public Sphere in Europe and North America, 1760-1820'', Cambridge University Press, 2002, (Google Print, p.24-25 )〕 It was published in French language in Kleve (Cleves) (then a Prussian exclave east of the Dutch Republic〔〔Barker, Burrows, 2002, (Google Print, p.28 )〕 from 1767.〔〔Barker, Burrows, 2002, p.159〕
==Background==
In the 18th century, the Netherlands (United Provinces) were very tolerant in matters of freedom of the press and religious freedom. Unlike most contemporary countries, such as France, Great Britain or the Holy Roman Empire, there was little government interference (censorship or monopolies) there.〔John Christian Laursen, ''New essays on the political thought of the Huguenots of the Refuge'', BRILL, 1995, ISBN 90-04-09986-7, (Google Print, p.73, 94-5 )〕 Many Huguenots were exiled to the Netherlands during the reign of Louis XIV, and the numbers of French refugees increased with the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685. Several exiles begun publishing French-language (as it was both an international language and their own - see lingua franca) newspapers in various European cities covering political news in France and Europe. Read by the European elites, in France these papers were called "Foreign gazettes".〔
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